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Anne Bronte
Anne Brontė ( 17 January 1820 28 May 1849) was a British novelist and poet, the youngest member of the Brontė literary family.
The daughter of a poor Irish clergyman in the Church of England, Anne Brontė lived most of her life with her family at the parish of Haworth on the Yorkshire moors. For a couple of years she went to a boarding school. At the age of nineteen, she left Haworth working as a governess between 1839 and 1845. After leaving her teaching position, she fulfilled her literary ambitions. She wrote a volume of poetry with her sisters (Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell, 1846) and in short succession she wrote two novels. Agnes Grey, based upon her experiences as a governess, was published in 1847. Her second and last novel, The Tenant of Wildfell Hall appeared in 1848. Anne's life was cut short with her death of pulmonary tuberculosis when she was 29 years old.
Anne Brontė is somewhat overshadowed by her more famous sisters, Charlotte, author of four novels including Jane Eyre; and Emily, author of Wuthering Heights. Anne's two novels, written in a sharp and ironic style, are completely different from the romanticism followed by her sisters. She wrote in a realistic, rather than a romantic style. Her novels, like those of her sisters, have become classics of English literature.
Anne, the youngest member of the Brontė family, was born on 17 January 1820, at number 74 Market Street in the village of Thornton, Bradford, Yorkshire, England. When Anne was born, her father was the curate of Thornton and she was baptised there on 25 March 1820. Shortly after, Anne's father took a perpetual curacy, a secure but not enriching vocation, in Haworth, a remote small town some seven miles (11 km) away. In April 1820, the Brontė family moved into the Haworth Parsonage, a five-room building which became their family home for the rest of their lives.
Anne was barely a year old when her mother became ill of what is believed to have been uterine cancer. Maria Branwell died on 15 September 1821. In order to provide a mother for his children, Patrick tried to remarry, but he had no success. Maria's sister, Elizabeth Branwell (17761842), had moved into the parsonage, initially to nurse her dying sister, but she subsequently spent the rest of her life there raising the Brontė children. She did it from a sense of duty, but she was a stern woman who expected respect, rather than love. There was little affection between her and the eldest children, but to Anne, her favourite according to tradition, she did relate. Anne shared a room with her aunt, they were particularly close, and this may have strongly influenced Anne's personality and religious beliefs.
In Elizabeth Gaskell's biography, Anne's father remembered her as precocious, reporting that once, when she was four years old, in reply to his question about what a child most wanted, she answered: "age and experience".
In the summer of 1824, Patrick sent his eldest daughters Maria, Elizabeth, Charlotte and Emily to Crofton Hall in Crofton, West Yorkshire, and later to the Clergy Daughter's School, Cowan Bridge, Lancashire. When the two eldest siblings died of consumption in 1825, Maria on 6 May and Elizabeth on 15 June, Charlotte and Emily were immediately brought home. The unexpected deaths of Anne's two eldest sisters distressed the bereaved family enough that Patrick could not face sending them away again. For the next five years, all the Brontė children were educated at home, largely by their father and aunt. The young Brontės made little attempt to mix with others outside the parsonage, but relied upon each other for friendship and companionship. The bleak moors surrounding Haworth became their playground.
Charlotte Bronte
Charlotte Brontė ( 21 April 1816 31 March 1855) was an English novelist and poet, the eldest of the three Brontė sisters who survived into adulthood, whose novels are English literature standards. She wrote Jane Eyre under the pen name Currer Bell.
Charlotte was born in Thornton, Yorkshire in 1816, the third of six children, to Maria (née Branwell) and her husband Patrick Brontė (formerly surnamed Brunty or Prunty), an Irish Anglican clergyman. In 1820, the family moved a few miles to Haworth, where Patrick had been appointed Perpetual Curate. Mrs. Brontė died of cancer on 15 September 1821, leaving five daughters and a son to be taken care of by her aunt Elizabeth Branwell. In August 1824, Charlotte was sent with three of her sisters, Emily, Maria, and Elizabeth, to the Clergy Daughters' School at Cowan Bridge in Lancashire (which she would describe as Lowood School in Jane Eyre). Its poor conditions, Charlotte maintained, permanently affected her health and physical development and hastened the deaths of her two elder sisters, Maria (born 1814) and Elizabeth (born 1815), who died of tuberculosis in June 1825. Soon after their father removed them from the school.
At home in Haworth Parsonagea small rectory close to the graveyard of a bleak, windswept village on the Yorkshire moorsCharlotte acted as "the motherly friend and guardian of her younger sisters". She and the other surviving children Branwell, Emily, and Anne began chronicling the lives and struggles of the inhabitants of their imaginary kingdoms. Charlotte and Branwell wrote Byronic stories about their country Angria and Emily and Anne wrote articles and poems about theirs Gondal. The sagas were elaborate and convoluted (and still exist in partial manuscripts) and provided them with an obsessive interest during childhood and early adolescence, which prepared them for their literary vocations in adulthood.
Charlotte continued her education at Roe Head, Mirfield, from 1831 to 32, where she met her lifelong friends and correspondents, Ellen Nussey and Mary Taylor. During this period, she wrote her novella The Green Dwarf (1833) under the name of Wellesley. Charlotte returned as a teacher from 1835 to 1838. In 1839, she took up the first of many positions as governess to various families in Yorkshire, a career she pursued until 1841.
Politically a Tory, she preached tolerance rather than revolution. She held high moral principles, and, despite her shyness in company, she was always prepared to argue her beliefs.
In 1842 she and Emily travelled to Brussels to enroll in a boarding school run by Constantin Heger (180996) and his wife Claire Zoé Parent Heger (180487). In return for board and tuition, Charlotte taught English and Emily taught music. Their time at the boarding school was cut short when Elizabeth Branwell, their aunt who joined the family after the death of their mother to look after the children, died of internal obstruction in October 1842. Charlotte returned alone to Brussels in January 1843 to take up a teaching post at the boarding school. Her second stay at the boarding school was not a happy one; she became lonely, homesick and deeply attached to Constantin Heger. She finally returned to Haworth in January 1844 and later used her time at the boarding school as the inspiration for some of The Professor and Villette.
Emily Jane Bronte
Emily Jane Brontė ( 30 July 1818 19 December 1848) was an English novelist and poet, now best remembered for her only novel, Wuthering Heights, now considered a classic of English literature. Emily was the second eldest of the three surviving Brontė sisters, between Charlotte and Anne. She published under the pen name Ellis Bell.
Emily Brontė was born on 30 July 1818 in Thornton, near Bradford in Yorkshire, to Maria Branwell and Patrick Brontė. She was the younger sister of Charlotte Brontė and the fifth of six children. In 1824, the family moved to Haworth, where Emily's father was perpetual curate, and it was in these surroundings that their literary gifts flourished.
After the death of their mother in 1821, when Emily was three years old, the older sisters Maria, Elizabeth and Charlotte were sent to the Clergy Daughters' School at Cowan Bridge, where they encountered abuse and privations later described by Charlotte in Jane Eyre. Emily joined the school for a brief period. When a typhus epidemic swept the school, Maria and Elizabeth caught it. Maria, who may actually have had tuberculosis, was sent home, where she died. Emily was subsequently removed from the school along with Charlotte and Elizabeth. Elizabeth died soon after their return home.
The three remaining sisters and their brother Patrick Branwell were thereafter educated at home by their father and aunt Elizabeth Branwell, their mother's sister. In their leisure time the children created a number of paracosms, which were featured in stories they wrote and enacted about the imaginary adventures of their toy soldiers along with the Duke of Wellington and his sons, Charles and Arthur Wellesley. Little of Emily's work from this period survives, except for poems spoken by characters (The Brontės' Web of Childhood, Fannie Ratchford, 1941).
When Emily was 13, she and Anne withdrew from participation in the Angria story and began a new one about Gondal, a large island in the North Pacific. With the exception of Emily's Gondal poems and Anne's lists of Gondal's characters and place-names, their writings on Gondal were not preserved. Some "diary papers" of Emily's have survived in which she describes current events in Gondal, some of which were written, others enacted with Anne. One dates from 1841, when Emily was twenty-three: another from 1845, when she was twenty-seven.
At seventeen, Emily attended the Roe Head girls' school, where Charlotte was a teacher, but managed to stay only three months before being overcome by extreme homesickness. She returned home and Anne took her place. At this time, the girls' objective was to obtain sufficient education to open a small school of their own.
Emily became a teacher at Law Hill School in Halifax beginning in September 1838, when she was twenty. Her health broke under the stress of the 17-hour work day and she returned home in April 1839. Thereafter she became the stay-at-home daughter, doing most of the cooking and cleaning and teaching Sunday school. She taught herself German out of books and practised piano.
Constantin Heger, teacher of Charlotte and Emily during their stay in Brussels, on a daguerreotype dated from circa 1865
In 1842, Emily accompanied Charlotte to Brussels, Belgium, where they attended a girls' academy run by Constantin Heger. They planned to perfect their French and German in anticipation of opening their school. Nine of Emily's French essays survive from this period. The sisters returned home upon the death of their aunt. They did try to open a school at their home, but were unable to attract students to the remote area.
In 1844, Emily began going through all the poems she had written, recopying them neatly into two notebooks. One was labelled "Gondal Poems"; the other was unlabelled. Scholars such as Fannie Ratchford and Derek Roper have attempted to piece together a Gondal storyline and chronology from these poems.
In the fall of 1845, Charlotte discovered the notebooks and insisted that the poems be published. Emily, furious at the invasion of her privacy, at first refused, but relented when Anne brought out her own manuscripts and revealed she had been writing poems in secret as well.
More information:
Code:
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4191.Emily_Bront_
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/8249.Anne_Bront_
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1036615.Charlotte_Bront_ |
Books
Anne Bronte - Agnes Grey (read by Emilia Fox)
Anne Bronte - The Tenant Of Wildfell Hall (read by Alex Jennings and Jenny Agutter)
Charlotte Bronte - Jane Eyre (read by Amanda Root)
Charlotte Bronte - Shirley (read by Anna Bentinck)
Charlotte Bronte - Villette (read by Davina Porter)
Charlotte Bronte - Jane Eyrotica (read by Heather Wilds)
Charlotte Brontė - The Professor (read by Frederick Davidson)
Emily Bronte - Wuthering Heights (read by Juliet Stevenson)
Code:
Books
http://rapidgator.net/file/26543d834d92536dc583d3d5b7d5387d/Agnes_Grey.rar.html
http://rapidgator.net/file/be7553fb05ed16c3a3a5609106b553cd/The_Tenant_Of_Wildfell_Hall.rar.html
http://rapidgator.net/file/9723b95ced85ea597b409dbee40619d7/Jane_Eyre.part1.rar.html
http://rapidgator.net/file/4f189ffb514fa6130ae0b9dcf05c51ac/Jane_Eyre.part2.rar.html
http://rapidgator.net/file/1fb190e64c3d2311c6130aed3c271ce8/Shirley.part1.rar.html
http://rapidgator.net/file/aaec0e724ed758cd5eecc0bc9fb3f8ea/Shirley.part2.rar.html
http://rapidgator.net/file/53fe0cea13b7bf389478fd759eb8f740/Villette.part1.rar.html
http://rapidgator.net/file/684ec5d9c28dcd84f83bf615cf1223ae/Villette.part2.rar.html
http://rapidgator.net/file/a33f48f7194631744fc98f3cd390692b/Jane_Eyrotica.rar.html
http://rapidgator.net/file/4d87aaca5832748e4787932cb557beca/The_Professor.rar.html
http://rapidgator.net/file/cb9cd5e2f4aef572acde6506bc1bd472/Wuthering_Heights.rar.html |
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